The world of printed circuit boards (PCBs) is substantial and multifaceted, encompassing different manufacturing applications, materials, and strategies. Printed circuit board assembly (PCA) is an essential process in the electronics industry that includes assembling electronic parts onto a PCB to develop functional electronic devices. This process can include several steps, https://opensourcebridge.science/wiki/The_Role_of_Prototyping_in_Printed_Circuit_Board_Manufacturing